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Compare United Arab Emirates (2001) - Honduras (2002)

Compare United Arab Emirates (2001) z Honduras (2002)

 United Arab Emirates (2001)Honduras (2002)
 United Arab EmiratesHonduras
Administrative divisions 7 emirates (imarat, singular - imarah); Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi), 'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Ash Shariqah (Sharjah), Dubayy (Dubai), Ra's al Khaymah, Umm al Qaywayn 18 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Atlantida, Choluteca, Colon, Comayagua, Copan, Cortes, El Paraiso, Francisco Morazan, Gracias a Dios, Intibuca, Islas de la Bahia, La Paz, Lempira, Ocotepeque, Olancho, Santa Barbara, Valle, Yoro
Age structure 0-14 years:
28.86% (male 354,298; female 340,498)

15-64 years:
68.74% (male 1,047,839; female 607,020)

65 years and over:
2.4% (male 40,626; female 17,179) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 41.8% (male 1,400,778; female 1,340,834)


15-64 years: 54.6% (male 1,774,619; female 1,806,568)


65 years and over: 3.6% (male 112,100; female 125,709) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products dates, vegetables, watermelons; poultry, eggs, dairy products; fish bananas, coffee, citrus; beef; timber; shrimp
Airports 40 (2000 est.) 117 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total:
22

over 3,047 m:
8

2,438 to 3,047 m:
3

1,524 to 2,437 m:
4

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
4 (2000 est.)
total: 12


2,438 to 3,047 m: 3


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 4 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
18

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
4

914 to 1,523 m:
9

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
total: 103


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 18


under 914 m: 83 (2002)
Area total:
82,880 sq km

land:
82,880 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total: 112,090 sq km


land: 111,890 sq km


water: 200 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Maine slightly larger than Tennessee
Background The Trucial States of the Persian Gulf coast granted the UK control of their defense and foreign affairs in 19th century treaties. In 1971, six of these states - Abu Zaby, 'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Ash Shariqah, Dubayy, and Umm al Qaywayn - merged to form the UAE. They were joined in 1972 by Ra's al Khaymah. The UAE's per capita GDP is not far below those of the leading West European nations. Its generosity with oil revenues and its moderate foreign policy stance have allowed it to play a vital role in the affairs of the region. Part of Spain's vast empire in the New World, Honduras became an independent nation in 1821. After two and one-half decades of mostly military rule, a freely elected civilian government came to power in 1982. During the 1980s, Honduras proved a haven for anti-Sandinista contras fighting the Marxist Nicaraguan Government and an ally to Salvadoran Government forces fighting against leftist guerrillas. The country was devastated by Hurricane Mitch in 1998, which killed about 5,600 people and caused almost $1 billion in damage.
Birth rate 18.11 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 31.21 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues:
$6.5 billion

expenditures:
$7.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
revenues: $607 million


expenditures: $411.9 million, including capital expenditures of $106 million (1999 est.)
Capital Abu Dhabi Tegucigalpa
Climate desert; cooler in eastern mountains subtropical in lowlands, temperate in mountains
Coastline 1,318 km 820 km
Constitution 2 December 1971 (made permanent in 1996) 11 January 1982, effective 20 January 1982; amended 1995
Country name conventional long form:
United Arab Emirates

conventional short form:
none

local long form:
Al Imarat al Arabiyah al Muttahidah

local short form:
none

former:
Trucial Oman, Trucial States

abbreviation:
UAE
conventional long form: Republic of Honduras


conventional short form: Honduras


local long form: Republica de Honduras


local short form: Honduras
Currency Emirati dirham (AED) lempira (HNL)
Death rate 3.79 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 5.74 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external $12.6 billion (2000 est.) $5.6 billion (2001) (2001)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Theodore H. KATTOUF

embassy:
Al-Sudan Street, Abu Dhabi

mailing address:
P. O. Box 4009, Abu Dhabi; American Embassy Abu Dhabi, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-6010 (pouch); note - work week is Saturday through Wednesday

telephone:
[971] (2) 4436691

FAX:
[971] (2) 4435441

consulate(s) general:
Dubai
chief of mission: Ambassador Larry Leon PALMER


embassy: Avenida La Paz, Apartado Postal No. 3453, Tegucigalpa


mailing address: American Embassy, APO AA 34022, Tegucigalpa


telephone: [504] 238-5114, 236-9320


FAX: [504] 236-9037
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Asri Said Ahmad al-DHAHIRI

chancery:
Suite 700, 1255 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC 20037

telephone:
[1] (202) 955-7999
chief of mission: Ambassador Mario Miguel CANAHUATI


chancery: Suite 4-M, 3007 Tilden Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 966-7702


FAX: [1] (202) 966-9751


consulate(s) general: Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, Phoenix, San Francisco, San Juan (Puerto Rico), Tampa


honorary consulate(s): Boston, Detroit, Jacksonville, and St. Louis
Disputes - international location and status of boundary with Saudi Arabia is not final, de facto boundary reflects 1974 agreement; boundary with Oman has not been bilaterally defined; northern section in the Musandam Peninsula is an administrative boundary; claims two islands in the Persian Gulf occupied by Iran: Lesser Tunb (called Tunb as Sughra in Arabic by UAE and Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Kuchek in Persian by Iran) and Greater Tunb (called Tunb al Kubra in Arabic by UAE and Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Bozorg in Persian by Iran); claims island in the Persian Gulf jointly administered with Iran (called Abu Musa in Arabic by UAE and Jazireh-ye Abu Musa in Persian by Iran) - over which Iran has taken steps to exert unilateral control since 1992, including access restrictions and a military build-up on the island; the UAE has garnered significant diplomatic support in the region in protesting these Iranian actions Honduras claims Sapodilla Cays off the coast of Belize; El Salvador disputes tiny Conejo Island off Honduras in the Golfo de Fonseca; many of the "bolsones" (disputed areas) along the El Salvador-Honduras boundary remain undemarcated despite ICJ adjudication in 1992; with respect to the maritime boundary in the Golfo de Fonseca, the ICJ referred to the line determined by the 1900 Honduras-Nicaragua Mixed Boundary Commission and advised a tripartite resolution among El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua; Nicaragua filed a claim against Honduras in 1999 and against Colombia in 2001 at the ICJ over disputed maritime boundary involving 50,000 sq km in the Caribbean Sea, including the Archipelago de San Andres y Providencia and Quita Sueno Bank
Economic aid - recipient $NA $557.8 million (1999) (1999)
Economy - overview The UAE has an open economy with a high per capita income and a sizable annual trade surplus. Its wealth is based on oil and gas output (about 33% of GDP), and the fortunes of the economy fluctuate with the prices of those commodities. Since 1973, the UAE has undergone a profound transformation from an impoverished region of small desert principalities to a modern state with a high standard of living. At present levels of production, oil and gas reserves should last for more than 100 years. Despite higher oil revenues in 1999-2000, the government has not drawn back from the economic reforms implemented during the 1998 oil price depression. The government has increased spending on job creation and infrastructure expansion and is opening up its utilities to greater private-sector involvement. Honduras, one of the poorest countries in the Western Hemisphere with an extraordinarily unequal distribution of income, is banking on expanded trade privileges under the Enhanced Caribbean Basin Initiative and on debt relief under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative. While the country has met most of its macroeconomic targets, it failed to meet the IMF's goals to liberalize its energy and telecommunications sectors. Growth remains dependent on the status of the US economy, its major trading partner, on commodity prices, particularly coffee, and on containment of the recent rise in crime.
Electricity - consumption 34.131 billion kWh (1999) 3.593 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 5 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 275 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production 36.7 billion kWh (1999) 3.573 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel: 37%


hydro: 63%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Persian Gulf 0 m

highest point:
Jabal Yibir 1,527 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Cerro Las Minas 2,870 m
Environment - current issues lack of natural freshwater resources being overcome by desalination plants; desertification; beach pollution from oil spills urban population expanding; deforestation results from logging and the clearing of land for agricultural purposes; further land degradation and soil erosion hastened by uncontrolled development and improper land use practices such as farming of marginal lands; mining activities polluting Lago de Yojoa (the country's largest source of fresh water) as well as several rivers and streams with heavy metals
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Emirati 19%, other Arab and Iranian 23%, South Asian 50%, other expatriates (includes Westerners and East Asians) 8% (1982)

note:
less than 20% are UAE citizens (1982)
mestizo (mixed Amerindian and European) 90%, Amerindian 7%, black 2%, white 1%
Exchange rates Emirati dirhams per US dollar - central bank mid-point rate: 3.6725 (since 1998); 3.6711 (1997), 3.6710 (1995-96) lempiras per US dollar - 16.0256 (January 2002), 15.9197 (2001), 15.1407 (2000), 14.5039 (1999), 13.8076 (1998), 13.0942 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state:
President ZAYID bin Sultan Al Nuhayyan (since 2 December 1971), ruler of Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi) (since 6 August 1966) and Vice President MAKTUM bin Rashid al-Maktum (since 8 October 1990), ruler of Dubayy (Dubai)

head of government:
Prime Minister MAKTUM bin Rashid al-Maktum (since 8 October 1990), ruler of Dubayy (Dubai); Deputy Prime Minister SULTAN bin Zayid Al Nuhayyan (since 20 November 1990)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president

note:
there is also a Federal Supreme Council (FSC) which is composed of the seven emirate rulers; the council is the highest constitutional authority in the UAE; establishes general policies and sanctions federal legislation, Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi) and Dubayy (Dubai) rulers have effective veto power; meets four times a year

elections:
president and vice president elected by the FSC (a group of seven electors) for five-year terms; election last held NA October 1996 (next to be held NA October 2001); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
ZAYID bin Sultan Al Nuhayyan reelected president; percent of FSC vote - NA, but believed to be unanimous; MAKTUM bin Rashid al-Maktum elected vice president; percent of FSC vote - NA%, but believed to be unanimous
chief of state: President Ricardo (Joest) MADURO (since 27 January 2002); First Vice President Vicente WILLIAMS Agasse (since 27 January 2002); Second Vice President Armida Villela Maria DE LOPEZ Contreras (since 27 January 2002); Third Vice President Alberto DIAZ Lobo (since 27 January 2002); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Ricardo (Joest) MADURO (since 27 January 2002); First Vice President Vicente WILLIAMS Agasse (since 27 January 2002); Second Vice President Armida Villela Maria DE LOPEZ Contreras (since 27 January 2002); Third Vice President Alberto DIAZ Lobo (since 27 January 2002); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 25 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005)


election results: Ricardo (Joest) MADURO (PN) elected president - 52.2%, Raphael PINEDA Ponce (PL) 44.3%, others 3.5%
Exports $46 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $2 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities crude oil 45%, natural gas, reexports, dried fish, dates coffee, bananas, shrimp, lobster, meat; zinc, lumber
Exports - partners Japan 30%, India 7%, Singapore 6%, South Korea 4%, Oman, Iran (1999) US 39.9%, El Salvador 9.2%, Germany 7.9%, Belgium 5.8%, Guatemala 5.4% (2000)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and black with a thicker vertical red band on the hoist side three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with five blue five-pointed stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band; the stars represent the members of the former Federal Republic of Central America - Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua; similar to the flag of El Salvador, which features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which features a triangle encircled by the word REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom, centered in the white band
GDP purchasing power parity - $54 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $17 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
3%

industry:
52%

services:
45% (1996 est.)
agriculture: 18%


industry: 32%


services: 50% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $22,800 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $2,600 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 4% (2000 est.) 2.1% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 24 00 N, 54 00 E 15 00 N, 86 30 W
Geography - note strategic location along southern approaches to Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil has only a short Pacific coast but a long Caribbean shoreline, including the virtually uninhabited eastern Mosquito Coast
Heliports 2 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
4,835 km

paved:
4,835 km

unpaved:
0 km (1998 est.)
total: 15,400 km


paved: 3,126 km


unpaved: 12,274 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 0%


highest 10%: 44% (1997) (1997)
Illicit drugs growing role as heroin transshipment and money-laundering center due to its proximity to southwest Asian producing countries and the bustling free trade zone in Dubai transshipment point for drugs and narcotics; illicit producer of cannabis, cultivated on small plots and used principally for local consumption; corruption is a major problem; some money-laundering activity
Imports $34 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $2.7 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food machinery and transport equipment, industrial raw materials, chemical products, fuels, foodstuffs
Imports - partners Japan 9%, US 8%, UK 8%, Italy 6%, Germany, South Korea (1999) US 46.1%, Guatemala 8.2%, El Salvador 6.6%, Mexico 4.7%, Japan 4.6% (2000)
Independence 2 December 1971 (from UK) 15 September 1821 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate 4% (2000) 4% (1999 est.)
Industries petroleum, fishing, petrochemicals, construction materials, some boat building, handicrafts, pearling sugar, coffee, textiles, clothing, wood products
Infant mortality rate 16.68 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 30.48 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4.5% (2000 est.) 9.7% (2001 est.)
International organization participation ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, CAEU, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO BCIE, CACM, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (subscriber), ITU, LAES, LAIA (observer), MINURSO, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW (signatory), PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) 8 (2000)
Irrigated land 50 sq km (1993 est.) 760 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Union Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president) Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (judges are elected for seven-year terms by the National Congress)
Labor force 1.4 million (1998 est.)

note:
75% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.)
2.3 million (1997 est.)
Labor force - by occupation services 60%, industry 32%, agriculture 8% (1996 est.) agriculture 34%, industry 21%, services 45% (2001 est.)
Land boundaries total:
867 km

border countries:
Oman 410 km, Saudi Arabia 457 km
total: 1,520 km


border countries: Guatemala 256 km, El Salvador 342 km, Nicaragua 922 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
2%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
98% (1993 est.)
arable land: 15.15%


permanent crops: 3.13%


other: 81.72% (1998 est.)
Languages Arabic (official), Persian, English, Hindi, Urdu Spanish, Amerindian dialects
Legal system federal court system introduced in 1971; all emirates except Dubayy (Dubai) and Ra's al Khaymah have joined the federal system; all emirates have secular and Islamic law for civil, criminal, and high courts rooted in Roman and Spanish civil law with increasing influence of English common law; recent judicial reforms include abandoning Napoleonic legal codes in favor of the oral adversarial system; accepts ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch unicameral Federal National Council or Majlis al-Ittihad al-Watani (40 seats; members appointed by the rulers of the constituent states to serve two-year terms)

elections:
none

note:
reviews legislation, but cannot change or veto
unicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional (128 seats; members are elected proportionally to the number of votes their party's presidential candidate receives to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 25 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PN 61, PL 55, PUD 5, PDC 4, PINU-SD 3
Life expectancy at birth total population:
74.29 years

male:
71.84 years

female:
76.86 years (2001 est.)
total population: 68.77 years


male: 67.11 years


female: 70.51 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
79.2%

male:
78.9%

female:
79.8% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 74%


male: 74%


female: 74.1% (1999)
Location Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf, between Oman and Saudi Arabia Middle America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Guatemala and Nicaragua and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between El Salvador and Nicaragua
Map references Middle East Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
contiguous zone: 24 NM


continental shelf: natural extension of territory or to 200 NM


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine total:
70 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,094,256 GRT/1,421,333 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 16, chemical tanker 3, container 17, liquefied gas 1, livestock carrier 1, passenger 1, petroleum tanker 24, roll on/roll off 6, specialized tanker 1 (2000 est.)
total: 284 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 749,243 GRT/846,942 DWT


ships by type: bulk 20, cargo 166, chemical tanker 5, container 6, livestock carrier 1, passenger 3, passenger/cargo 3, petroleum tanker 54, refrigerated cargo 12, roll on/roll off 8, short-sea passenger 4, specialized tanker 1, vehicle carrier 1


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Argentina 1, Bahrain 1, Belize 1, British Virgin Islands 1, Bulgaria 1, China 8, Costa Rica 1, Cyprus 1, Egypt 6, El Salvador 1, Germany 1, Greece 18, Hong Kong 3, Indonesia 2, Italy 1, Japan 7, Lebanon 4, Liberia 4, Maldives 2, Marshall Islands 1, Mexico 1, Nigeria 1, Norway 1, Panama 14, Philippines 1, Romania 2, Russia 1, Saint Kitts and Nevis 3, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1, Singapore 24, South Korea 12, Spain 1, Syria 1, Taiwan 4, Tanzania 1, Trinidad and Tobago 1, Turkey 2, Turks and Caicos Islands 1, United Arab Emirates 6, United Kingdom 1, United States 5, Vanuatu 1, Vietnam 1, Virgin Islands (UK) 1 (2002 est.)
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force, Air Defense, paramilitary (includes Federal Police Force) Army, Navy (including marines), Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $1.6 billion (FY00) $35 million (FY99)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 3.1% (FY00) 0.6% (FY99)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
778,842

note:
includes non-nationals (2001 est.)
males age 15-49: 1,563,174 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
420,484 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49: 930,718 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age 18 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
25,482 (2001 est.)
males: 72,335 (2002 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 2 December (1971) Independence Day, 15 September (1821)
Nationality noun:
Emirati(s)

adjective:
Emirati
noun: Honduran(s)


adjective: Honduran
Natural hazards frequent sand and dust storms frequent, but generally mild, earthquakes; extremely susceptible to damaging hurricanes and floods along the Caribbean coast
Natural resources petroleum, natural gas timber, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, iron ore, antimony, coal, fish, hydropower
Net migration rate 1.61 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -2.07 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 830 km; natural gas, including natural gas liquids, 870 km -
Political parties and leaders none Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Dr. Hernan CORRALES Padilla]; Democratic Unification Party or PUD [leader NA]; Liberal Party or PL [Roberto MICHELETTI Bain]; National Innovation and Unity Party-Social Democratic Party or PINU-SD [Olban F. VALLADARES]; National Party of Honduras or PN [Raphael CALLEJAS]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Committee for the Defense of Human Rights in Honduras or CODEH; Confederation of Honduran Workers or CTH; Coordinating Committee of Popular Organizations or CCOP; General Workers Confederation or CGT; Honduran Council of Private Enterprise or COHEP; National Association of Honduran Campesinos or ANACH; National Union of Campesinos or UNC; Popular Bloc or BP; United Federation of Honduran Workers or FUTH
Population 2,407,460

note:
includes 1,576,472 non-nationals (July 2001 est.)
6,560,608


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 53% (1993 est.)
Population growth rate 1.59% (2001 est.) 2.34% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors 'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Das Island, Khawr Fakkan, Mina' Jabal 'Ali, Mina' Khalid, Mina' Rashid, Mina' Saqr, Mina' Zayid, Umm al Qaywayn La Ceiba, Puerto Castilla, Puerto Cortes, San Lorenzo, Tela, Puerto Lempira
Radio broadcast stations AM 13, FM 7, shortwave 2 (1998) AM 241, FM 53, shortwave 12 (1998)
Radios 820,000 (1997) 2.45 million (1997)
Railways 0 km total: 595 km


narrow gauge: 318 km 1.067-m gauge; 277 km 0.914-m gauge (2000)
Religions Muslim 96% (Shi'a 16%), Christian, Hindu, and other 4% Roman Catholic 97%, Protestant minority
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.73 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
2.36 male(s)/female

total population:
1.5 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female


total population: 1 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage none 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Telephone system general assessment:
modern system consisting of microwave radio relay and coaxial cable; key centers are Abu Dhabi and Dubai

domestic:
microwave radio relay and coaxial cable

international:
satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; submarine cables to Qatar, Bahrain, India, and Pakistan; tropospheric scatter to Bahrain; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia
general assessment: inadequate system


domestic: NA


international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System
Telephones - main lines in use 915,223 (1998) 234,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 1 million (1999) 14,427 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 15 (1997) 11 (plus 17 repeaters) (1997)
Terrain flat, barren coastal plain merging into rolling sand dunes of vast desert wasteland; mountains in east mostly mountains in interior, narrow coastal plains
Total fertility rate 3.23 children born/woman (2001 est.) 4.03 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate NA% 28% (2001 est.)
Waterways none 465 km (navigable by small craft)
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